
Amber
Amber in perfume usually smells warm, sweet and resinous, with soft vanilla, balsamic, powdery or slightly smoky sides. It is not normally taken from fossilised amber. In perfumery,...
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Fragrance note guide
Pepper in perfume usually smells dry, fresh and spicy, with aromatic, citrus-like and woody sides. It can create a lively tingling sensation without necessarily smelling hot like food. Some pepper notes are sharp and sparkling, while others are deeper, earthier or more strongly woody. Pepper is generally used in the heart to add energy, dryness and contrast.

Black pepper oil has a recognisable dry spice character with fresh aromatic and citrus nuances. Its background can feel woody, warm and slightly earthy. IFF describes Madagascan black pepper oil as fresh and spicy, combining aromatic and citrus qualities at the top with a woody background.
Black pepper comes from the berries of Piper nigrum. Green, black and white peppercorns come from the same plant but are harvested or processed differently. In perfumery, black pepper essential oil can be produced by hydro-distilling the dried berries. The finished material contains aromatic compounds including limonene, pinenes and beta-caryophyllene.
Pepper is used in spicy, woody, aromatic, citrus, leather and floral fragrances. It blends well with bergamot, grapefruit, lavender, rose, geranium, cedarwood, vetiver, patchouli, leather and amber. A trace can make a fragrance feel brighter and drier, while a stronger pepper accord creates a clearly spicy and energetic character.

Amber in perfume usually smells warm, sweet and resinous, with soft vanilla, balsamic, powdery or slightly smoky sides. It is not normally taken from fossilised amber. In perfumery,...
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Bay leaf in perfume usually smells green, herbal and spicy, with eucalyptus-like, woody and slightly medicinal sides. It is drier and more aromatic than many soft leafy notes....
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Bergamot in perfume smells fresh, bright and citrusy, with a soft floral character and a slightly bitter green edge. It is less sharp than lemon and often feels...
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Cedarwood in perfume usually smells dry, warm and woody, with resinous, slightly smoky or pencil like sides. Some cedarwood notes feel smooth and creamy, while others are sharper...
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Cumin in perfume usually smells warm, dry and spicy, with earthy, herbal and softly animalic sides. In small amounts, it can add realistic warmth and depth without smelling...
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Elemi in perfume usually smells fresh, resinous and peppery, with bright citrus, aromatic wood and incense-like sides. It is lighter and more sparkling than many dark balsamic resins....
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Flint in perfume usually smells dry, mineral and smoky, with metallic, stony and slightly earthy sides. It does not come from extracting scent from pieces of flint. It...
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Geranium in perfume usually smells rosy, green and aromatic, with minty, leafy, herbal and lightly fruity sides. It resembles rose but generally feels sharper, fresher and more strongly...
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Grapefruit in perfume usually smells fresh, tart and juicy, with a slightly bitter peel character and a clean, sparkling edge. It may also have green, dry or lightly...
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Lavender in perfume usually smells fresh, aromatic and softly floral, with herbal, clean, slightly sweet and sometimes powdery sides. Some lavender notes feel light, airy and calming, while...
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Leather in perfume usually smells dry, warm and slightly smoky, with woody, animalic, tarry or soft suede like sides. It does not normally come from untreated animal hide...
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Patchouli in perfume usually smells earthy, woody and deep, with herbal, slightly sweet and sometimes camphor like sides. It can feel dark and damp in one fragrance but...
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Rose in perfume usually smells floral, fresh and softly sweet, but it can also have green, fruity, honeyed or spicy sides. Some rose notes feel light and dewy,...
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Sage in perfume usually smells dry, herbal and aromatic, with camphoraceous, eucalyptus-like, earthy and lightly woody sides. It is generally sharper and more medicinal than clary sage, which...
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Vetiver in perfume usually smells earthy, woody and dry, with smoky, green, grassy or slightly bitter sides. Some vetiver notes feel dark, rooty and rugged, while others are...
Explore VetiverThese fragrances reveal Pepper through the central body of the scent.

Cardamom in perfume usually smells fresh, green and spicy, with citrusy, aromatic, woody and slightly cooling sides. It is lighter and fresher than many warm spices, so it...
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Coriander in perfume usually smells aromatic, spicy and lightly citrusy, with floral, peppery, woody and softly sweet sides. The perfume material normally associated with this character comes from...
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Ginger in perfume usually smells fresh, spicy and zesty, with lemon-like, woody, earthy and slightly peppery sides. It feels lively and sparkling rather than simply hot. Fresh ginger...
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Nutmeg in perfume usually smells warm, dry and gently spicy, with woody, aromatic, sweet and slightly earthy sides. It is generally softer and rounder than black pepper and...
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Pink pepper in perfume usually smells fresh, sparkling and gently spicy, with rosy, fruity, citrusy and slightly woody sides. It feels brighter and softer than black pepper and...
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Sichuan pepper in perfume usually smells citrusy, spicy and fresh, with metallic, floral, green and tingling sides. It is not closely related to black pepper and has a...
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Spices in perfume can smell warm, dry, sweet, peppery, fresh or aromatic. The term does not describe one ingredient because cinnamon, cardamom, clove, nutmeg and pepper all smell...
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