Natural oud can be remarkably varied, which is one reason oud accords also differ so much. Some lean towards dark wood and resin, while others show balsamic, earthy, smoky, leathery or even slightly sweet qualities. An accord can emphasise just one part of that profile or combine several facets into something more rounded.
Within a composition, saffron can reinforce oud's leathery warmth, nutmeg can add dry spice, and patchouli can deepen the earthy side. Musk can make the accord smoother, while aromatic materials such as lavender can introduce contrast and prevent the darker materials from feeling too dense. An oud accord can therefore be powerful and shadowy or surprisingly balanced and aromatic depending on how it is constructed.